What process involves correcting behavior based on the difference between one’s performance and that of a model?

The process that involves correcting behavior based on the difference between one’s performance and that of a model is best described by the concept of a feedback loop. A feedback loop is a systematic process where individuals receive information about their performance, allowing them to adjust and improve their actions based on comparisons to a desired standard or a model's performance.

In this context, when observing a model—such as a teacher, peer, or another role model—individuals can assess their own behaviors against what they see. This assessment helps them recognize discrepancies and motivates adjustments to align more closely with the observed behaviors. The continuous cycle of receiving feedback, evaluating one's performance, and making modifications is central to this learning process, whether in educational settings or personal development.

The other processes, while related to behavior and learning, do not specifically focus on the correction of behavior by comparing performance to a model through iterative feedback. Behavior modification is more about altering behavior through certain reinforcement strategies, observational learning refers specifically to learning by watching others without the explicit corrective component, and performance evaluation is a broader assessment tool that may not involve the direct model comparison inherent in a feedback loop.