What refers to the process where two stimuli are paired to elicit a response?

The concept of associating two stimuli to elicit a response is fundamental in psychology, particularly in behaviorism. Conditioning, specifically classical conditioning, involves pairing a previously neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response. For instance, in Pavlov's experiments, a bell (neutral stimulus) was paired with food (unconditioned stimulus). After several pairings, the sound of the bell alone prompted salivation (conditioned response) in dogs, illustrating how stimuli can be associated to evoke a behavioral response. This foundational concept is crucial for understanding how learning occurs through environmental interactions and is applicable in various educational settings.

Options related to association learning, reinforcement, and transference may involve different mechanisms or focus on distinct aspects of learning and behavior but do not directly capture the specific pairing of stimuli to elicit responses as conditioning does.