What term describes the way previously learned information affects the understanding of new concepts?

The term that best describes the way previously learned information affects the understanding of new concepts is "transfer of information." This concept refers to the process by which knowledge, skills, and competencies acquired in one situation or context are applied to another situation or context. It emphasizes how prior learning can enhance or hinder the understanding of new material.

In the context of educational psychology, understanding how transfer occurs is crucial because it helps educators design instruction that builds on existing knowledge, making it easier for students to grasp new concepts. For instance, when students learn mathematical principles, they often apply those principles in real-world scenarios or in higher-level math courses, showcasing how effectively their prior knowledge transfers to new learning situations.

Other terms mentioned do not specifically capture this phenomenon. The connection of ideas focuses more on the relationships between concepts, while contextual learning emphasizes the importance of the learning environment in knowledge retention and understanding. Knowledge integration refers to combining different knowledge sources or concepts but does not directly address the influence of previously learned information on new learning.