What theory describes the ability of individuals to modify their cognitive processes to adapt to their environment?

The theory that best describes the ability of individuals to modify their cognitive processes to adapt to their environment is Structural Cognitive Modifiability. This concept emphasizes the idea that cognitive structures can be transformed and enhanced through experiences and interactions with the environment. It highlights the malleability of cognition, suggesting that individuals can adapt their thinking strategies and problem-solving approaches as they encounter new challenges or information.

Structural Cognitive Modifiability is particularly linked to the work of Reuven Feuerstein, who developed the theory of mediated learning. This theory posits that cognitive abilities are not fixed and can be developed over time through appropriate educational practices. It underscores the importance of the individual's ability to reflect on their thought processes, which in turn facilitates greater adaptability to various situations.

By focusing on how individuals can reshape their cognitive structures in response to the demands of their surroundings, this theory provides a comprehensive framework for understanding cognitive development and adaptation in educational contexts.