Which of the following best describes a broad category of disorders that impede typical learning?

Learning disabilities are a broad category of disorders that specifically affect an individual's ability to process information, which can hinder their learning process. These disorders impact skills related to reading, writing, math, and other academic tasks, making it difficult for individuals to perform at expected levels in educational settings. They do not reflect a person's overall intelligence; rather, they affect how the brain receives, processes, and responds to information.

In contrast, mental retardation generally refers to a significant limitation in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, while epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures and is not specifically linked to learning processes. Cerebral palsy, a movement disorder caused by brain damage, may also affect learning but is primarily categorized by physical limitations rather than specific learning impairments. Thus, the most accurate description of disorders that broadly impede typical learning is learning disabilities.