Which of the following refers to the use of physical punishment in behavioral management?

The term that refers to the use of physical punishment in behavioral management is corporal punishment. This practice involves inflicting physical pain as a consequence of undesirable behavior, with the intention of discouraging such behavior in the future. The idea is that the immediate discomfort creates a strong association between the behavior and its consequences, ideally leading to a reduction in the behavior over time.

Corporal punishment has been a subject of significant debate in the field of educational psychology and child development, as studies suggest it can lead to negative psychological effects, including increased aggression, anxiety, and a weakened relationship between the child and the authority figure administering the punishment. Other options listed pertain to different behavioral management techniques or principles, which do not involve physical punishment. Time-out serves as a non-physical method to give a child time away from reinforcing activities. The Premack Principle refers to using a preferred activity to reinforce a less preferred one, and shaping involves gradually reinforcing closer approximations to a desired behavior.