Which type of conditioning emphasizes the response in operant learning?

The correct answer, which emphasizes the role of response in operant learning, is associated with the term known as Type-R Conditioning. This concept focuses on reinforcement and punishment to shape behavior, where responses are strengthened or weakened based on the consequences that follow them.

In operant conditioning, a learner's behavior is influenced by the rewards or punishments that result from that behavior, leading to changes in the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future. Type-R Conditioning highlights the active role of the learner, who makes choices and can modify their behavior based on the outcomes they experience. This distinguishes it from other forms of conditioning, where responses may not necessarily rely on the learner's active participation in response to consequences.

The other options either refer to classical principles where the focus is on involuntary responses (like Respondent Conditioning and Classical Conditioning) or are misinterpretations of operant principles.