Which type of score evaluates students in terms of the grade level at which they are functioning?

Grade-Level Equivalent Scores are specifically designed to indicate the grade level at which a student is performing in relation to a standard benchmark. This type of scoring converts a student’s raw score on an assessment into a grade level equivalent, which allows educators and parents to understand the student’s performance in a context that is familiar and relevant.

For example, if a student receives a grade-level equivalent score of 6.2, this suggests that the student is performing at a level comparable to the average student in the second month of sixth grade. This scoring method helps to translate test results into a more relatable format that can illustrate where a student stands in their educational journey.

In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects of assessment. Percentile Scores rank a student's performance compared to peers but do not indicate a specific grade level. Content Validity and Face Validity relate to the appropriateness and appearance of tests in measuring what they are intended to measure and do not address grade-level performance directly. Therefore, Grade-Level Equivalent Scores are the clear choice for evaluating students based on their functioning at a particular grade level.